Advertisement

Growth chart: Fetal length and weight, week by week

Find out how big your baby is in each week of pregnancy, using our fetal growth chart measurements of average length and weight.

pregnant woman looking at a ultrasound photos
Photo credit: iStock.com / SDI Productions

How do you determine fetus size by week?

There are different methods for estimating how big a fetus is, which is why you'll find different numbers depending on the source.

Experts have formulas they use to come up with the estimated fetal weight (EFW) and height of a fetus, and the formulas aren't always the same. The measurements that are used in equations to estimate weight usually include biparietal (head) diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC) and femur (thigh bone) length (FL).

Advertisement | page continues below

Height is a straightforward measurement, but the method of measuring it changes after the first trimester. For the first 13 weeks, the height measurement is taken from the top of the head to the baby's bottom. After the first 13 weeks, the measurement is taken from the top of the head to the baby's heel – explaining why, on the chart below, your baby appears to grow 3 inches from week 13 to week 14!

Hadlock, the main source we use in our fetal growth chart, provides one of the most commonly used – and most accurate – equations for estimating fetal height and weight. The American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (ACOG) and the Society for Maternal and Fetal Medicine (SMFM) use Hadlock's figures to diagnose and manage fetal growth conditions, such as intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR).

The numbers on our chart should coincide with the numbers your healthcare provider will be checking against when they measure your baby using ultrasound. (Providers don't measure height after 13 weeks, however, so don't expect to get those numbers at your ultrasound appointments.)

Note that the data used by Hadlock was gathered from middle-class Caucasian women with no history of maternal diseases known to affect fetal growth and no evidence of congenital anomalies. Your provider may make adjustments based on your individual circumstances.

Video

Fetal growth chart

Wondering how big your baby is during each week of pregnancy? The numbers in our chart below can give you a sense of your baby's size. Keep in mind that your baby may be much smaller or larger than these averages. That's okay – after all, healthy babies can weigh less than 5 pounds or more than 9 pounds at birth.

Boy's measurements are different than girl's measurements, even this early. For the numbers on our chart, we've taken an average of boys and girls. And remember, the height measurements up to 13 weeks are head-to-bottom estimates, while the height measurements starting at week 14 are head-to-toe estimates.

 

Advertisement | page continues below
Gestational ageLength (US)Weight (US)Length (cm)Mass (g)
 (head to bottom)(head to bottom)
8 weeks0.62 inches0.71 ounces1.57 cm20 grams
9 weeks0.91 inches0.95 ounces2.30 cm27 grams
10 weeks1.22 inch1.23 ounces3.1 cm35 grams
11 weeks1.61 inch1.59 ounces4.1 cm45 grams
12 weeks2.13 inches2.05 ounces5.4 cm58 grams
13 weeks2.64 inches2.58 ounces6.7 cm73 grams
 (head to toe)(head to toe)
14 weeks5.79 inches3.28 ounces14.7cm93 grams
15 weeks6.57 inches4.13 ounces16.7 cm117 grams
16 weeks7.32 inches5.15 ounces18.6 cm146 grams
17 weeks8.03 inches6.38 ounces20.4 cm181 grams
18 weeks8.74 inches7.87 ounces22.2 cm223 grams
19 weeks9.45 inches9.63 ounces24.0 cm273 grams
20 weeks10.12 inches11.68 ounces25.7 cm331 grams
21 weeks10.79 inches14.07 ounces27.4 cm399 grams
22 weeks11.42 inches1.05 pounds29.0 cm478 grams
23 weeks12.05 inches1.25 pounds30.6 cm568 grams
24 weeks12.68 inches1.48 pounds32.2 cm670 grams
25 weeks13.27 inches1.73 pounds33.7 cm785 grams
26 weeks13.82 inches2.01 pounds35.1 cm913 grams
27 weeks14.41 inches2.33 pounds36.6 cm1055 grams
28 weeks14.80 inches2.67 pounds37.6 cm1210 grams
29 weeks15.47 inches3.04 pounds39.3 cm1379 grams
30 weeks15.95 inches3.44 pounds40.5 cm1559 grams
31 weeks16.46 inches3.86 pounds41.8 cm1751 grams
32 weeks16.93 inches4.30 pounds43.0 cm1953 grams
33 weeks17.36 inches4.77 pounds44.1 cm2162 grams
34 weeks17.84 inches5.24 pounds45.3 cm2377 grams
35 weeks18.23 inches5.72 pounds46.3 cm2595 grams
36 weeks18.62 inches6.20 pounds47.3 cm2813 grams
37 weeks19.02 inches6.68 pounds48.3 cm3028 grams
38 weeks19.41 inches7.13 pounds49.3 cm3236 grams
39 weeks19.72 inches7.57 pounds50.1 cm3435 grams
40 weeks20.08 inches7.98 pounds51.0 cm3619 grams
41 weeks20.39 inches8.35 pounds51.8 cm3787 grams

Thanks to Dr. Mark Curran, maternal-fetal medicine specialist, for his help preparing this chart.

Fetal weight by week: How it changes

Your baby steadily gains weight over the course of your pregnancy, but it's not always at the same rate. If you're having one baby (not twins or multiples), your baby's rate of growth accelerates until 35 weeks, then decelerates.

Here are some highlights, based on estimations:

  • Up until 16 weeks, a fetus grows an average of about 19 grams per week, gradually increasing from 7 grams per week at 8 weeks to 15 grams per week at 12 weeks and 29 grams per week at 16 weeks.
  • By 20 weeks, a fetus is gaining about 59 grams per week (just over 2 ounces).
  • By 30 weeks, a fetus is gaining about 175 grams each week (more than 6 ounces).
  • At 35 weeks, a fetus is gaining about 215 grams each week, or about 7.5 ounces. At this point their growth rate peaks.
  • After 35 weeks, growth slows to about 188 grams per week, or 6.6 ounces. (Twins slow earlier, at around 28 weeks, and then average about 170 grams each week.)
  • In the last few weeks of pregnancy, the growth rate continues to gradually slow to about 168 grams (a little less than 6 ounces) per week by week 40.

Using a tape measure stretched over your belly, your provider will use a fundal height measurement to check your baby's size at your prenatal visits. Beginning at about 24 weeks, the measurement in centimeters should roughly match the gestational age of your baby. If you're 26 weeks pregnant, for example, your fundal height should be about 26 cm, give or take a centimeter in each direction.

Advertisement | page continues below

If your provider is concerned that your baby is too small, they'll monitor your baby's size with ultrasound, which is more accurate. Using ultrasound, your practitioner can take various measurements (head circumference and diameter, abdomen circumference, femur length) and use them to estimate your baby's size. They may also use a Doppler ultrasound to look at the blood flow to your placenta.

If your baby's estimated weight is less than the 10th percentile for their gestational age, they may be diagnosed with intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), also called fetal growth restriction (FGR). IUGR can happen at any time during pregnancy. Some babies with IUGR just turn out to be small for their age, but sometimes there's a problem that's preventing the baby from growing properly.

At birth, a baby with IUGR is called "small for gestational age." While most SGA babies who are otherwise healthy grow just fine, some (especially those born prematurely) are at higher risk of problems such as c-section, jaundice, low blood sugar, and even long-term developmental and health problems.

Your baby's size by week

Here are some highlights of your baby's growth during pregnancy:

At 20 weeks, about the midpoint in your pregnancy, your baby is transmitting taste signals to their brain. And you may feel them hiccupping. Your baby's weight at 20 weeks is about 11.68 ounces, and they're about the length of a (10.12-inch) banana.

Advertisement | page continues below

At 32 weeks, your baby's lungs are developing fast, and your baby's storing minerals like iron for their first 6 months of life. Your baby's weight at 32 weeks is 4.30 pounds, and their length is 16.93 inches, about the size of a jicama.

At 33 weeks, things are getting snug in there! Your baby's skin is becoming less wrinkled as they fill in – your baby's weight at 33 weeks is about 4.77 pounds. At 17.36 inches, your baby is now about the size of a pineapple.

At 37 weeks, your baby's brain and lungs are still maturing, and they're still moving a lot, despite the close quarters. Your baby's weight at 37 weeks is about 6.68 pounds, and they're about the length of a bunch of Swiss chard, 19.02 inches.

Once your baby is born, they'll be weighed and measured, and your provider will continue to monitor their growth. While the average newborn weight is a little over 7 pounds, most newborns lose about 5 to 10 percent of their weight in the first days. No worries – they gain it back by the time they're about 2 weeks old, and by 4 months they usually double their birth weight.

Learn more:

Advertisement | page continues below
Track your pregnancy on our free #1 pregnancy & baby app
phone with BabyCenter app

BabyCenter's editorial team is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. When creating and updating content, we rely on credible sources: respected health organizations, professional groups of doctors and other experts, and published studies in peer-reviewed journals. We believe you should always know the source of the information you're seeing. Learn more about our editorial and medical review policies.

ACOG. Reaffirmed 2022. Methods for estimating the due date. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinical-guidance/committee-opinion/articles/2017/05/methods-for-estimating-the-due-dateOpens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

ACOG, AIUM, SMFM. 2017. Methods for estimating the due date. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, The American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine, Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine. https://www.healthcare.uiowa.edu/familymedicine/fpinfo/OB/OB2017/ACOG%20redating%20gestational%20age.pdfOpens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Blue NR et al. 2018. Comparing the Hadlock fetal growth standard to the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development racial/ethnic standard for the prediction of neonatal morbidity and small for gestational age. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 219(5): 474.e1-474.e12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30118689/Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Blue NR et al. 2018. The Hadlock Method is superior to newer methods for the prediction of the birth weight percentile. Journal of Ultrasound Medicine 38(3): 587-596. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jum.14725Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Curran MA. 2019. Estimation of fetal weight and age. Perinatology.comOpens a new windowhttps://perinatology.com/calculators/Estimation%20of%20Fetal%20Weight%20and%20Age.htmOpens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Deter RS et al. 2018. Individualized growth assessment: Conceptual framework and practical implementation for the evaluation of fetal and neonatal growth. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 208 (2 Suppl): S656-S678. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5882201/Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Doublet PM et al. 1997. Improved birth weight table for neonates developed from gestations dated by early ultrasonography. Journal of Ultrasound Medicine 16(4):241-9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9315150/Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Fenton TR. 2003. A new growth chart for preterm babies: Babson and Benda's chart updated with recent data and a new format. BMC Pediatricshttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC324406/pdf/1471-2431-3-13.pdfOpens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Gardosi J et al. 2018. Customized growth charts: rationale, validation and clinical benefits. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 218(2): S609-S618. https://www.ajog.org/article/S0002-9378(17)32486-9/fulltextOpens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Grantz KL et al. 2016. Fetal growth standards: the NICHD fetal growth study approach in context with INTERGROWTH-21st and the World Health Organization Multicentre Growth Reference Study. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 218(2): S641-S655.e28. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0002937817324419Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Grantz KL et al. 2018. Fetal growth velocity: The NICHD fetal growth studies. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 219(3): 285.e1-285.e36. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7035912/Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Hadlock FP et al. 1984. Estimating fetal age: Computer-assisted analysis of multiple fetal growth parameters. Radiology 152 (2) https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/10.1148/radiology.152.2.6739822Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Hadlock FP et al. 1992. Fetal crown rump length: Reevaluation of relation to menstrual age (5-18 weeks) with high resolution real-time. US Radiology 182(2):501-5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1732970/Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Hadlock FP, et al. 1991. In utero analysis of fetal growth: a sonographic weight standard. Radiology 181(1):129-33. https://pubs.rsna.org/doi/10.1148/radiology.181.1.1887021Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Kiserud T et al. 2017. The World Health Organization fetal growth charts: A multinational longitudinal study of ultrasound biometric measurements and estimated fetal weight. PLoS Medicine 14(1): e1002220. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5261648/Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Martins JG et al. 2020. Society for Maternal-Fetal Medicine Consult Series #52: Diagnosis and management of fetal growth restriction. Practice Guideline. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 223(4): B2-B17. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32407785/Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

NICE. 2008. Antenatal care: Routine care for the healthy pregnant woman. NICE clinical guidelines No 62. RCOG Press. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK51885/Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Nicolaides KH. Et al. 2018. Fetal medicine foundation fetal and neonatal population weight charts. Ultrasound in Obstetrics & Gynecology 52(1). https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/uog.19073Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Romero R et al 2018. Fetal size standards to diagnose a small- or a large-for-gestational-age fetus. American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology 218(Suppl 2): S605-S607. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5988354/Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Sovio U et al. 2021. Comparison of estimated fetal weight percentiles near term for predicting extremes of birthweight percentile. American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 224(3): 2992.e1-292.e19. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0002937820308826Opens a new window [Accessed November 2022]

Karen Miles
Karen Miles is a writer and an expert on pregnancy and parenting who has contributed to BabyCenter for more than 20 years. She's passionate about bringing up-to-date, useful information to parents so they can make good decisions for their families. Her favorite gig of all is being "Mama Karen" to four grown children and "Nana" to nine grandkids.
Advertisement