Наситени, ненаситени, Ω-3, Ω-6 и други глупости

А
Аз знам, че вит. Е винаги се съдържа заедно с омега 3, даже и в лененото семе. Сякаш природата се е постарала да присъства, за да го предпазва от окисляване. Поне така знам - не се добавя, просто го ИМА.
Дай цитатите. Тази тема живо ме касае.

Искам да попитам трябва ли да пише на опаковките с рибено масло откъде е извлечено и съдържа ли вит.А. На моята пише само, че капсулите съдържат рибено масло и желатин, 37,5мг/всяка, на Фитофарма - Троян...

Fighting Depression and Improving Cognition with Omega-3 Fatty Acids


By Laurie Barclay, MD
Benefits of Omega-3s in Pregnancy
At the other end of the age spectrum, eating seafood during pregnancy is linked to better neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood. To some extent, these findings were unexpected, given concerns about potential harm to the baby from the mercury content in some fish. Researchers evaluated data from 11,875 pregnant women taking part in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.19

Surprisingly, women who followed their doctor’s recommendation to limit their seafood intake during pregnancy to 340 grams weekly had a 48% greater risk that their children would be in the lowest quarter of verbal IQ scores, compared with mothers who ate more than 340 grams of fish weekly. Mothers who ate less seafood also had a greater risk that their children would have problems with social behavior, motor skills, communication, and social development.

 
Translating these findings to clinical studies, researchers at the University of Western Australia randomly assigned 98 pregnant women to receive either high-dose fish oil (2200 mg DHA plus 1100 mg EPA daily) or placebo (olive oil) from 20 weeks of pregnancy until delivery. Neither the women nor the scientists knew which women were assigned to fish oil until the study was complete.20

Although children in both groups had similar growth rates at 2.5 years of age, those whose mothers received fish oil during pregnancy had significantly better eye-hand coordination.

The benefits of omega-3 also extend to infants born prematurely. They have been found to have decreased levels of DHA in brain cortex. Both preterm and term infants fed DHA have enhanced cortical visual acuity and cognitive outcomes.21 In fact, some infant formulas are now enriched with omega-3 fatty acids in response to recommendations that pregnant and nursing women maintain an adequate dietary intake of DHA to meet their own increased needs as well as those of the fetus or infant.22

How Much is Enough?
America’s obsession with thinness over the past three decades has led us to spurn all dietary fats, including beneficial omega-3 fatty acids such as EPA and DHA. The result has been a tidal wave of depression, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and other psychiatric diagnoses.23,24 The incidence of depression has climbed higher with each decade of the twentieth century, as have health care costs for antidepressant medications and other mental health treatment.25

In North America today, the average daily intake of EPA plus DHA is only 130 mg, falling far short of the daily 1000-2000 mg total omega-3 fatty acids recommended by some clinicians for optimal health, mood, and cognitive function. Based on clinical trials, dosages of 1000-4000 mg may offer maximal benefits for those with depressed mood.26

“Although the precise mechanism of action is still unknown, accumulating evidence suggests that 1000-2000 mg daily of EPA may be useful in the treatment of mild to moderate depression,” Dr. Yamina Osher, lead author of a recent review of 12 clinical trials of PUFAs in depression, bipolar disorder, and other mood disorders27 and a member of the Faculty of Health Sciences at Ben Gurion University in Beer Sheva, Israel, tells Life Extension.

Further Research
Researchers are currently investigating whether a diet deficient in omega-3 essential fatty acids increases the risk for depression, aggression, and suicide associated with alcoholism. Scientists are comparing the effect of omega-3 fatty acids with that of placebo in aggressive alcoholics, women with depression during pregnancy, and suicide attempters.

Additional therapeutic benefits are being explored, including the use of omega-3 in attention deficit disorder and in autism, but there is still insufficient evidence on which to base firm conclusions.

Other recent research reviews have noted the need for well-controlled clinical trials.28-32

 
Implications for Treatment
Despite this unfinished picture, the Committee on Research on Psychiatric Treatments of the American Psychiatric Association invited scientists to participate in the Omega-3 Fatty Acids Subcommittee. This expert panel convened in 2006 to review published studies and those presented at scientific meetings that evaluated the effect of omega-3 fatty acids in major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, dementia, borderline personality disorder and impulsivity, and ADHD.

Their conclusions, which were approved by three separate committees of the American Psychiatric Association, declared that population-based studies and tissue studies support a protective effect of omega-3 essential fatty acid intake, particularly EPA and DHA, in mood disorders. A review of the randomized controlled trials showed negligible risks and a statistically significant benefit of omega-3 fatty acids in both major depression and in bipolar depression, with less evidence of benefit in schizophrenia.33,34

“The evidence suggests that omega-3 fatty acids are important for optimal human health and brain function,” Marlene P. Freeman, MD, lead author of the American Psychiatric Association review, tells Life Extension. “In some studies, investigators have demonstrated a beneficial effect of omega-3 fatty acids on mood disorders, and more research is underway. Individuals with serious mental health disorders should always receive a full evaluation and know their treatment options.”

“As professionals, we encourage anyone with depression or other disorders to get the medical attention that they deserve,” says Dr. Freeman, who is also Director of the Women’s Mental Health Program and Associate Professor of Psychiatry, Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Nutritional Sciences at the University of Arizona’s College of Medicine. She concludes, “Omega-3 fatty acids may be an important part of the treatment of some psychiatric disorders, and at this time researchers are figuring out where they fit in to treatment. They may be an effective treatment for some individuals, with important medical benefits.”

 
Interactions
Omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil may have anti-thrombotic effects. Individuals who have bleeding disorders and those taking warfarin (Coumadin®) should only use fish oil in consultation with a physician.35

Conclusion
Essential for healthy brain structure and function, omega-3 fatty acids may be critical for maintaining healthy mood and keeping mental distress at bay. These powerful fatty acids are essential throughout life—helping ensure healthy brain development in infants, maintaining a healthy mood in adulthood, and protecting the aging brain against cognitive decline and dementia. Optimizing your intake of omega-3 fatty acids is not only essential for a healthy body, but also for a healthy mind.

If you have any questions about the scientific content of this article, please call one of our Health Advisors at 1-800-226-2370.
 
References
1. Assisi A, Banzi R, Buonocore C, et al. Fish oil and mental health: the role of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in cognitive development and neurological disorders. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006 Nov;21(6):319-36.

2. Raeder MB, Steen VM, Vollset SE, Bjelland I. Associations between cod liver oil use and symptoms of depression: The Hordaland Health Study. J Affect Disord. 2006 Dec 18.

3. Frangou S, Lewis M, McCrone P. Efficacy of ethyl-eicosapentaenoic acid in bipolar depression: randomised double-blind placebo-controlled study. Br J Psychiatry. 2006 Jan;188:46-50.

4. Peet M, Horrobin DF. A dose-ranging study of the effects of ethyl-eicosapentaenoate in patients with ongoing depression despite apparently adequate treatment with standard drugs. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002 Oct;59(10):913-9.

5. Hallahan B, Hibbeln JR, Davis JM, Garland MR. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in patients with recurrent self-harm. Single-centre double-blind randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry. 2007 Feb;190:118-22.

6. Nieminen LR, Makino KK, Mehta N, et al. Relationship between omega-3 fatty acids and plasma neuroactive steroids in alcoholism, depression and controls. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2006 Oct;75(4-5):309-14.

7. Ross BM. Omega-3 fatty acid deficiency in major depressive disorder is caused by the interaction between diet and a genetically determined abnormality in phospholipid metabolism. Med Hypotheses. 2007;68(3):515-24.

8. Bourre JM. Effects of nutrients (in food) on the structure and function of the nervous system: update on dietary requirements for brain. Part 2: macronutrients. J Nutr Health Aging. 2006 Sep;10(5):386-99.

9. Conklin SM, Harris JI, Manuck SB, et al. Serum omega-3 fatty acids are associated with variation in mood, personality and behavior in hypercholesterolemic community volunteers. Psychiatry Res. 2007 Jul 30;152(1):1-10.

10. Conklin SM, Manuck SB, Yao JK, Hibbeln JR, Flory JD, Muldoon MF. Serum phospholipid polyunsaturated fatty acids are associated with mood, behavior and personality in healthy community adults. American Psychosomatic Society annual meeting, March 2007, Budapest, Hungary, abstract 1718.

11. Conklin SM, Gianaros PJ, Brown SM, et al. Long-chain omega-3 fatty acid intake is associated positively with corticolimbic gray matter volume in healthy adults. Neurosci Lett. 2007 Jun 29;421(3):209-12.

12. McNamara RK, Hahn CG, Jandacek R, et al. Selective deficits in the omega-3 fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid in the postmortem orbitofrontal cortex of patients with major depressive disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Dec 21.

13. Muldoon MF, Conklin S, Ryan CM, Yao J, Hibbeln J, Manuck SB. Cognitive function and omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acid balance. American Psychosomatic Society annual meeting, March 2007, Budapest, Hungary, abstract.

14. van Gelder BM, Tijhuis M, Kalmijn S, Kromhout D. Fish consumption, n-3 fatty acids, and subsequent 5-y cognitive decline in elderly men: the Zutphen Elderly Study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007 Apr;85(4):1142-7.

15. Pinilla FG. The impact of diet and exercise on brain plasticity and disease. Nutr Health. 2006;18(3):277-84.

16. Cole GM, Frautschy SA. Docosahexaenoic acid protects from amyloid and dendritic pathology in an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model. Nutr Health. 2006;18(3):249-59.

17. Saugstad LF. Are neurodegenerative disorder and psychotic manifestations avoidable brain dysfunctions with adequate dietary omega-3? Nutr Health. 2006;18(2):89-101.

18. Freund-Levi Y, Eriksdotter-Jonhagen M, Cederholm T, et al. Omega-3 fatty acid treatment in 174 patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer disease: OmegAD study: a randomized double-blind trial. Arch Neurol. 2006 Oct;63(10):1402-8.

19. Hibbeln JR, Davis JM, Steer C, et al. Maternal seafood consumption in pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes in childhood (ALSPAC study): an observational cohort study. Lancet. 2007 Feb 17;369(9561):578-85.

20. Dunstan JA, Simmer K, Dixon G, Prescott SL. Cognitive assessment at 21/2 years following fish oil supplementation in pregnancy: a randomized controlled trial. Arch Dis Child Fetal Neonatal Ed. 2006 Dec 21.

21. McNamara RK, Carlson SE. Role of omega-3 fatty acids in brain development and function: potential implications for the pathogenesis and prevention of psychopathology. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2006 Oct;75(4-5):329-49.

22. Vidailhet M. Omega 3: is there a situation of deficiency in young children? Arch Pediatr. 2007 Jan;14(1):116-23.

23. Bruinsma KA, Taren DL. Dieting, essential fatty acid intake, and depression. Nutr Rev. 2000 Apr;58(4):98-108.

24. Wells AS, Read NW, Laugharne JD, Ahluwalia NS. Alterations in mood after changing to a low-fat diet. Br J Nutr. 1998 Jan;79(1):23-30.

25. Weissman MM, Klerman GL. Depression: current understanding and changing trends. Annu Rev Public Health.1992;13:319-39.

26. Logan AC. Omega-3 fatty acids and major depression: a primer for the mental health professional. Lipids Health Dis. 2004 Nov 9;325.

27. Osher Y, Belmaker RH, Nemets B. Clinical trials of PUFAs in depression: State of the art. World J Biol Psychiatry. 2006;7(4):223-30.

28. Appleton KM, Hayward RC, Gunnell D, et al. Effects of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids on depressed mood: systematic review of published trials. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006 Dec;84(6):1308-16.

29. Holtzheimer PE, III and Nemeroff CB. Emerging treatments for depression. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2006 Dec;7(17):2323-39.

30. Jorm AF, Allen NB, O’Donnell CP, et al. Effectiveness of complementary and self-help treatments for depression in children and adolescents. Med J Aust. 2006 Oct 2;185(7):368-72.

31. Keck PE, Jr., Mintz J, McElroy SL, et al. Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of ethyl-eicosapentanoate in the treatment of bipolar depression and rapid cycling bipolar disorder. Biol Psychiatry. 2006 Nov 1;60(9):1020-2.

32. van Strater AC, Bouvy PF. Omega-3 fatty acids in the treatment of affective disorders: an overview of the literature. Tijdschr Psychiatr. 2007;49(2):85-94.

33. Freeman MP, Hibbeln JR, Wisner KL, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids: evidence basis for treatment and future research in psychiatry. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006 Dec;67(12):1954-67.

34. Freeman MP. Omega-3 fatty acids and perinatal depression: a review of the literature and recommendations for future research. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2006 Oct;75(4-5):291-7.

35. Available at: http://www.pdrhealth.com/drug_info/nmdrugprofiles/nutsupdrugs/fis_0106.shtml. Accessed July 19, 2007.
 

Бих ти се метнала на врата, за  да ти благодаря за систематизираната информация, която много ме вълнува, но...си малко далече!
Чудя се дали няма странични действия ако се приема рибеното масло с още куп други лекарства (мъж ми се въстановява след инсулти - хеморагичен и исхемичен)!
П.П Ще продължавам да чета!

МамиБлю, когато е от черен дроб пише:Рибеномасло от черен дроб на акула(например) Жална им майка ако не го пишат.
И понеже се вдигна голям шум около витамин А, ще взема да изчисля колко рибено масло от черен дроб е допустимо за да не надхвърляме заветните 10000 МЕ

petu6ka63, Благодаря!

При исхемичен инсулт е препоръчително, но при хеморагичен е абсолютно недопустимо!
 
Рибеното масло разрежда кръвта (Питай някой дето го пие, като се пореже какво става) и може да стане фатална беля. Съжалявам.

За взаимодействие с други лекарства само тези, които разреждат кръвта - Плавикс, Варфарин. За друг вид, не се сещам.

sleepoholic, тръпно очаквам да ми обясниш какви са симптомите на предозиране на вит. Е
Аз когато си представя рибено масло, то е или Ескимо, или това на Fortex. И чета етикета.
Не знам за другите.

И се чудя, когато се препоръчва дневна доза 1-2 г. напр. при депресия, абе тея тъпаци лекарите, които го препоръчват, не знаят ли, че в него се съдържа вит. Е, който може да се предозира?

Интересно ми е каква е твоята специалност, медицинско лице ли си?

sleepoholic  да си жив и здрав, ама такова рибено масло препоръчах на една позната за атопичния дерматит на кучето и. Слава богу, оправи се.

А ти прочете ли какво пише по надолу в материала , който ми посочи? Именно за бременни!
Хайде, прочети го и иди да спориш с Агенцията по лекарствата.

А аз пак казвам на бременните, че могат да пият рибено масло, стига да не е от черен дроб. Толкова.










2

Значи рибеното масло отпада като вариант за контрол над холестирола .( Крестора, както и други такива, действат докато се приемат. Ааааа, няма доживот да се тровим с тях!)
 А какво ви е мнението за капсулите с ленено олио?
(Мъж ми не приема лекарства, разреждащи кръвта.)
А, още един въпрос - не разбрах трябва ли да се консумира кожата на сьомгата?

Ако е потенциално застрашен от нов кръвоизлив - никакви  омега-3. Утре ако дамите не сте толкова активни, ще напиша за сусама и сусамовия тахан. Сваля холестерола силно. За кожата на рибата не е ставало въпрос. Ако е груба - може да се обели, но след пърженето.
Но мазнината от рибата също е опасна за съпруга ти. Нека лекуващият лекар да прецени опасността от кръвоизлив.  Аз не съм лекар.

sleepoholic :
Аз препоръчвам всяко рибено масло, което не е от черен дроб.
Ти ми цитираш единствено рибени масла от черен дроб.
Това е разговор между глухи.

Аз лично пия или Fish body oil на GNC, или Salmon oil на GNC или Fish oil на Optimum Nutrition. Те са без витамин А, без да съм бременен.
щом искаш и това:
http://www.framar.bg/%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0-3-%D1%84%D0% … -pid30008080.html

Аз пиша за хора, които могат да четат, не съм тръгнал да раздавам рибено масло в циганската махала.
И да се разберем - клиниката Mayo е много известна, но е известна и с това, че е много консервативна. Използвам ги главно като контрапункт. Но само толкова.
 

Хм. Ето значи:
За ЕСКИМО 3 течно
Опаковка: шише 105 мл.
Препоръчителна дневна доза: 5 мл.
(1 чаена лъжичка) по време на хранене
Съдържание в 5 мл. Ескимо -3:
Омега-3 мастни киселини :                                                       1500мг
От които:
ЕPA (ейкозапентаенова киселина)                                          750 мг
DHA (докозахексаенова киселина)                                         500 мг
Витамин Е                                                                                           14 мг
Аналогично е дадено и за това на капсули и детското.
Линк -> http://www.helsonbg.com/main.html
Витамин А ли ти се губи? Не ти се губи, просто го НЯМА

За продукта на ФОРТЕКС - eто го моя - казва се Омега 3. Не съдържа витамин А

Подозирам, че съм си купила грешното рибено масло ...няма много данни за съдържанието на опаковката...